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हिजै मात्र सुरक्षित आप्रवासन (सामी)
कार्यक्रमको अर्धवार्षिक समिक्षामा सहभागी भइ घर फर्किदै गर्दा मनमा अनेकन तरंगहरू
तरंगित भइरहे । इटहरीबाट अघि बढ्दै गर्दा नै झमक्क साँझ परिसकेको अवस्थामा
अगाडीबाट आइरहने साधनका फोकस लाइटहरूले समेत यो तरंगलाई कमजोर बनाउन सकेनन ।
म सम्झिरहेँ हामी स्थानीय स्तर हुँदै माथिल्लो
तहमा यसको संस्थागत गर्नका लागि अहोरात्र काम गरिरहेका छौं । अनि हामीले स्थानीय
सरकारमा संस्थागत गर्नका लागि गरिने पहिलो अत्यन्त जरूरी कार्य रहेको छ नीतिगत
रूपमा व्यवस्थित गर्ने अर्थात ऐन, नियमावली, कार्यविधी,
निर्देशिका यस्तै केहि बनाउने जसले यो कार्यको निरन्तरता बिस्तारै
स्थानीय सरकारले स्वयं गर्न सकोस र वैदेशिक रोजगारीलाई स्थानीय स्तरबाटै सुरक्षित
बनाउन सकोस । ओहो यो त गजबको कुरा हो नि भनेर मख्ख पर्दै गर्दा फेरि झस्किन पुँगे
नितीगत व्यवस्थाले सबैकुरा सुधार्न सक्ने भए नेपाल सरकारले नै बडा गजबको
प्रबन्धहरू नितीगत रूपमै गरेको छ फेरिकिन यतिका वर्ष भइसक्दा सम्म त्यो व्यवस्थाले
वैदेशिक रोजगारीलाई सुरक्षित गर्न नसकेको होला भनेर । शुन्य लागत र न्यून लागत के
कारणले कार्यान्वयनमा आउन सकेनन होला ? किन समुदाय स्तरमा यि
नितीगत व्यवस्थाको अनि विदेशमा समस्या पर्दा सम्पर्क
गर्नुपर्ने निकायहरूबारे जानकारी गराउँदा मानिसहरू झन बढी रिसाएका होलान ? म अलमल्ल छु । यतिका वर्षसम्म वैदेशिक रोजगारीलाई सुरक्षित बनाउने
विषयवस्तु जानकारी गराउनेकै आफन्तहरू पनि विदेश जानैपर्दा असुरक्षित तरिकाले नै
जानुपर्ने बाध्यता छ होला ? म स्वयंले मेरा आफन्तहरूको विदेश
जाने रहरमा सबै जानकारी हुँदाहुँदै पनि हामीले सिकाउने गरेका कुनै पनि उपाय
राम्रोसँग अवलम्वन गर्न नसकिकनै पठाउनुपर्यो होला ? म
डराइरहेको छु । यसरी नै डराइरहेको अवस्थामा केहि समयदेखि मलाई थुप्रै नयाँ नयाँ
विषय जानकारी गराइरहेको ए आइ टुल च्याट जिपिटिमा यसो मेरो जिज्ञासा राख्दा यस्तो
प्रतिक्रिया पाएँ सो जस्ताको तस्तै यहाँ राखेको छु ।
Question: What are the problems facing by the
Nepalese migrant workers in Nepal ?
Nepalese migrant workers often face several
challenges and problems both before and during their migration. Some of these
include:
1.
Lack of information and
awareness about migration and the risks involved, leading to exploitation and
abuse by recruiters and employers.
2. High fees charged by
recruiters and employment agencies, leading to debt and vulnerability to
exploitation.
3. Poor working and living
conditions in the receiving country, including long working hours, low wages,
and poor housing.
4. Inadequate protection of
workers' rights, including the lack of a minimum wage and access to legal
remedies for exploitation and abuse.
5. Limited access to
healthcare, social security, and other benefits in the receiving country.
6. Limited access to consular
support and legal aid in case of abuse or exploitation.
7. Separation from families
and social networks, leading to feelings of isolation and loneliness.
8. Inadequate reintegration
support upon return to Nepal, including access to employment and livelihood
opportunities.
9. Discrimination and
xenophobia based on nationality or ethnicity in the receiving country.
Addressing these challenges requires a
comprehensive approach that includes better regulation and oversight of
recruitment practices, improved working conditions and protection of workers'
rights in the receiving country, and increased support for Nepali migrant
workers both before and after migration.
Question: Measures for
managing the International Labour Migration from Nepal and securing their
rights.
There are several measures that can be taken
to manage international labor migration from Nepal and secure the rights of
Nepali migrant workers:
1. Implementing bilateral
agreements and memorandums of understanding (MOUs) with receiving countries to
ensure the protection of migrant workers' rights and welfare.
2. Providing pre-departure
orientation and training to migrant workers to educate them about their rights
and responsibilities in the receiving country.
3. Strengthening the capacity
of Nepali diplomatic missions abroad to better support and protect the rights
of migrant workers.
4. Increasing cooperation with
labor-sending countries to combat human trafficking and illegal recruitment
practices.
5. Implementing a complaints
and grievances mechanism for Nepali migrant workers to seek help and support in
case of exploitation or abuse.
6. Encouraging the
establishment of migrant worker associations in receiving countries to provide
a platform for advocacy and support.
7. Establishing a
comprehensive social security system for Nepali migrant workers, including
health insurance and pension schemes.
8. Monitoring and evaluating
the situation of Nepali migrant workers through regular assessments and
surveys, and using the findings to inform policy and program development.